Brain Aneurysm

A brain aneurysm is a problem with a blood vessel in the brain

A brain aneurysm, also known as a cerebral aneurysm, is a weak or thin spot in a blood vessel in the brain that bulges or balloons out. Over time, the bulge can grow. Some brain aneurysms never cause problems. Others can leak or rupture (burst), which can lead to a serious brain injury, bleeding in the brain, or death.

When a brain aneurysm ruptures, it causes bleeding in the space around the brain. This is a type of hemorrhagic stroke. This bleeding can damage brain cells and increase pressure inside the skull. A ruptured brain aneurysm is a medical emergency and requires immediate care.

There are several types of brain aneurysms. Examples include:

• Saccular or “berry” aneurysms look like a small balloon attached to a blood vessel and are the most common type of brain aneurysms.
• Fusiform aneurysms cause the blood vessel to bulge all the way around.
• Dissecting aneurysms happen when there is a tear in the blood vessel wall.

A brain aneurysm may not cause symptoms at first

Many people do not experience symptoms unless they have a brain aneurysm that grows large or ruptures. When symptoms do happen, they are often caused by pressure on nearby nerves or brain tissue. Possible symptoms of a small or unruptured brain aneurysm may include one or more of the following:

• Headaches
• Vision problems
• Pain above or behind the eye
• Numbness or weakness on one side of the face

A ruptured brain aneurysm is a medical emergency

Call 911 right away if you or your loved one may have a ruptured brain aneurysm. Symptoms often begin suddenly and can include:

• A headache that feels like the worst headache of a person’s life
• Nausea or vomiting
• A stiff neck
• Sensitivity to light
• Blurred or double vision
• Seizures
• Loss of consciousness (passed out)
• Confusion

Getting medical care quickly can save a life and lower the chance of health problems.

Treatment and recovery depend on the type of brain aneurysm

Treatment is different for each person. It depends on the size and location of the brain aneurysm, whether it has ruptured, and a person’s overall health. A person with a small brain aneurysm that is not causing symptoms may only need regular monitoring. However, others may require medicine to manage blood pressure or procedures to stop blood flow into the brain aneurysm, such as surgical clipping or endovascular coiling.

Recovery may include rehabilitation and ongoing care

Recovery after a brain aneurysm, especially if it has ruptured, can take time. Some people may need rehabilitation to help improve movement, speech, thinking, and daily living skills. Recovery is different for everyone. Some people have a good recovery, while others may have long-term challenges and need ongoing support.

There are steps you can take to lower your risk of a brain aneurysm or rupture

Managing high blood pressure is one of the most important things you can do to avoid an aneurysm. Avoiding smoking, limiting alcohol use, staying active, and eating a healthy diet can also help. Working with your medical professional to manage ongoing health conditions is an important part of prevention. Learn more about brain health after a brain injury.

Compassionate answers. Real support. Every step of the way.

Contact the National Brain Injury Information Center at 1-800-444-6443 to speak to a specialist about:

• Help with care needs
• Legal and financial resources
• Services in your community