Brain Injury in Youth Athletes

Youth athletes are at increased risk for concussion, a type of brain injury

In the United States, many young people go to the emergency department each year for sports- and recreation-related concussions. In fact, about seven out of 10 of these visits are among children and teens ages 17 and younger. However, these numbers likely underestimate the true impact, since many concussions are treated outside of emergency departments or are not reported at all.

The risk of concussion is closely linked to activities that involve collisions and the risk of hits to the head

Sports such as football, basketball, and soccer account for a large share of concussion-related injuries in youth. While boys have higher overall rates of emergency visits, research shows that in sports played under similar rules, like soccer and basketball, girls may actually have a higher risk of concussion. This highlights the importance of prevention and awareness for all young athletes.

Many concussions in youth athletes go unrecognized or untreated

Some young people may not report their symptoms, may not realize they have a concussion, or may continue playing despite being injured. Others may not seek medical care due to a lack of access or because the injury seems mild at first. Understanding that youth athletes are at increased risk is important for improving safety in sports. Recognizing symptoms early, removing athletes from play when a concussion is suspected, and ensuring proper medical evaluation and recovery time can help protect the health and well-being of young people.

Athletes may need to see a specialist if symptoms don’t improve or go away

Some athletes will have symptoms for months or longer. Athletes should talk to their medical professional if symptoms:

• Do not improve or go away within four weeks
• Get worse after they return to their regular activities

If an athlete has ongoing symptoms, their medical professional may refer them to a specialist with experience in concussions and other brain injuries. Having a history of previous concussions or experiencing more severe symptoms increases the chance that they will have a longer recovery or that the concussion will lead to ongoing or chronic health problems. Other factors that might delay recovery include:

• Having other medical conditions, including headache and sleep disorders, mental health problems, and learning difficulties
• Experiencing family and social stressors

Compassionate answers. Real support. Every step of the way.

Contact the National Brain Injury Information Center at 1-800-444-6443 to speak to a specialist about:

• Help with care needs
• Legal and financial resources
• Services in your community